For
most people the hardest part of exercising is just getting started. Hectic
schedules and lack of time certainly contribute to the excuses. But for many people, lack
of basic workout knowledge intimidates them and prevents them from even getting started.
It's easy to understand why some feel overwhelmed about beginning a new
fitness routine. Virtually every day the media is bombarding the public with the latest
"diet research" often times contradicting what may have been reported just weeks
earlier. And infomercials swear that 20 minutes of this or 15 minutes of that is all that
is required to look like a Hollywood star.
With so much information (and misinformation), it can be hard to
decipher what fitness regimen will really deliver results. But truthfully, it's not
difficult at all to determine what workout will provide health benefits.
An easy way to get started is utilizing the F.I.T.T. principle. This
acronym stands for Frequency, Intensity, Time and Type.
Frequency: As you might
expect, this refers to how often you will exercise. After any form of exercise is
performed your body completes a process of rebuilding and repairing. So, determining the
frequency of exercise is important in order to find a balance that provides just enough
stress for the body to adapt and also allows enough rest time for healing.
Intensity: Defined as the
amount of effort or work that must be invested in a specific exercise workout. This too
requires a good balance to ensure that the intensity is hard enough to overload the body
but not so difficult that it results in overtraining, injury or burnout.
Time: Again, this is
rather self-explanatory. Time is simply how long each individual session should last. This
will vary based on the intensity and type.
Type: What type of
exercise will you be doing? Will an exercise session be primarily cardiovascular,
resistance training or a combination of both? And, what specific exercises will you
perform.
Now you know the F.I.T.T. principle so planning a workout program and
getting started should be a breeze. The ACSM (American College of Sport Medicine) has
F.I.T.T. guidelines both for cardiovascular work and strength training. For cardiovascular
benefits, they recommend exercising for a frequency of 3-5 times per week, at an intensity
equal to 60-85 percent of your maximum heart rate for a time of 20-60 minutes. For
strength straining they recommend working out a minimum of two times per week at an
intensity that is equal to 70-85 percent of your one rep maximum (maximum weight you can
use for one rep) for 8-10 reps and 1-3 sets.
Planning a new fitness routine by breaking it into the four F.I.T.T.
principle pieces allows you to quickly create a workout plan that will truly provide you
with results.
For beginner exercisers choosing the Type of exercise may be the best
place to start mapping out your routine. After all, if you have the perfect frequency,
intensity and time but hate the actual exercise then you'll never do it. So, start with
something you like. This may be walking, biking, swimming or something else.
Next determine the Frequency. Consider how much time each week you
truly will devote to this workout. Be realistic. There's no purpose in setting
expectations so high that you likely will fail. Remember, the ACSM guidelines are 3-5
times per week, so a good start would be three days.
If you are very limited in your schedule then determining your Time
would be the appropriate next step. Otherwise, choose your Intensity level, which will
help determine how long your workout session should be. For example, a higher intensity
will typically provide more benefit (such as burning more calories in a shorter amount of
time). So, choosing to jog may require only 30 minutes of commitment versus walking which
may require 45-60 minutes.
Here's a quick example of both a cardiovascular and resistance workout
program that utilizes the F.I.T.T. principle. Walk (Type) at 4 MPH (Intensity) for 45
minutes (Time) four times per week (Frequency). Perform exercises with dumbbells (Type) at
70% of your maximum 1 rep strength (Intensity) for 8-12 reps (Time) 3 times per week
(Frequency).
That's all there is to it. Now get out there and get FITT! |